Early stage blockade of the alarmin HMGB1 reduces cartilage destruction in experimental OA

Experimental Study on Protective Role of NSAID on Articular Cartilage Destruction in Septic Arthritis

Background: Surgical drainage and antibiotic therapy are the cornerstones of treatment protocols in septic arthritis; however, in some circumstances, the diagnosis and initiation of treatment may be retarded by slow disease progression or the time when the patient’s condition precludes early surgery. Therefore, it is beneficial to find ways to reduce the amount of articular injury. This study a...

Stage-specific secretion of HMGB1 in cartilage regulates endochondral ossification.

High mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) is a chromatin protein that has a dual function as a nuclear factor and as an extracellular factor. Extracellular HMGB1 released by damaged cells acts as a chemoattractant, as well as a proinflammatory cytokine, suggesting that HMGB1 is tightly connected to the process of tissue organization. However, the role of HMGB1 in bone and cartilage that undergo...

Inflammasome-dependent release of the alarmin HMGB1 in endotoxemia.

Endotoxin administration recapitulates many of the host responses to sepsis. Inhibitors of the cysteine protease caspase 1 have long been sought as a therapeutic because mice lacking caspase 1 are resistant to LPS-induced endotoxic shock. According to current thinking, caspase 1-mediated shock requires the proinflammatory caspase 1 substrates IL-1β and IL-18. We show, however, that mice lacking...

lnterleukin-6 Reduces Cartilage Destruction during Experimental Arthritis A Study in lnterleukin-6-Deffcient Mice

Interaction of heparin-binding alarmin HMGB1 with human mast cell

HMGB1 (amphoterin) is a 30-kDa transcription factor that is released and secreted to extracellular compartment where its functions as proinflammatory cytokine like alarmin capable to mediate organ damage and lethality. HMGB1 has ability to complex with heparin, LPS, IL-1beta, and DNA that might contribute to its alarmin function. High concentrations of HMGB1 have been detected in serum samples ...